FemVings

The World Health Organization defines a female as an adolescent if she is between the ages of 10 and 19. The time between childhood and adulthood known as adolescence is marked by the child's growth and development. During this time, the child's physical, psychological, and biological growth happens. It is understood to be a special moment in a girl's life that calls for extra consideration. Menarche, which marks the beginning of a woman's reproductive phase, is an important biological milestone in her life. Menarche often occurs between the ages of 12 and 13, and this age is highly consistent across populations. Unfortunately, many women are unable to control their periods due to a lack of knowledge about menstruation preparation and management or a lack of resolve. Menstrual wastes are the wastes a female produces throughout her reproductive years. These wastes are produced during menstruation, often known as menses, periods, or the monthly bleeding cycle. The three phases of the menstrual cycle are the follicular phase (proliferative), ovulation phase, and lacteal phase (secretary). Menstruation is regulated by hormones; during this time, the uterine lining, or endometrium, thickens and sheds, causing bleeding that typically lasts 3-5 days but can occasionally last up to 7 days. During menstruation, the endometrial lining is destroyed in two-thirds. Along with blood, menstrual fluid also contains mucus and vaginal secretions. Every woman's menstrual flow is different; it may be heavier or lighter at the beginning of the cycle or fluctuate during the cycle. Menstrual blood can be crimson, vivid red, dark brown, or even black. Menstrual blood may or may not smell bad when it comes in contact with air. Before and after menopause, as well as during gynaecological cancers, menstrual flow and duration change. In the presence of fibroids, polyps, and endometriosis, menstrual flow rises, and excessive blood loss during menstruation can cause anaemia. Women have developed their own unique strategies to deal with this era. These approaches are influenced by a variety of factors, including individual preferences, the accessibility of resources, economic status, cultural beliefs and practises, level of education, and knowledge about menstruation. Inadequate menstrual hygiene practises can result in toxic shock syndrome, reproductive tract infections (RTI), and other vaginal problems, which are serious health risks Poor genital hygiene has a substantial impact on adolescents' health. Most girls are unprepared for menarche because they are misled or ignorant about menstruation. This study's main objective was to provide an overview of the problems and potential solutions for handling menstrual waste in low-income countries. The review article's objective was to gain more knowledge regarding menstrual behaviours, product design, consumer demand, and disposal techniques. Along with an analysis of current knowledge in public health, water and sanitation, and solid waste management, it includes a description of modern menstrual hygiene needs and management.